Litigation-Related Document Repository

ABSTRACT

A litigation-related document repository for management and exchange of documents independent of courts or other tribunals. Users can upload litigation-related documents for on-line case folders in order to exchange documents with other parties to a dispute or other users. The repository maintains the documents in a common format in a structured database and can convert the documents for uploading to the database or downloading to user machines. It can also provide various services such as searching for documents and managing case folders. Users can select various fee-based approaches for access to the repository, including paying time-based fees, session-based fees, or agreeing to receive on-line advertisements in exchange for access.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 60/270,631, entitled “Litigation-RelatedDocument Repository,” and filed Feb. 23, 2001, incorporated herein byreference as if fully set forth.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an apparatus, method, and database formanaging and processing litigation-related documents without requiringparticipation by courts or other adjudication entities.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Litigation and other dispute resolution processes usually involve paperintensive proceedings. The parties to a dispute must file paperdocuments with a court or other tribunal and provide copies of the samedocuments to other parties. The proceedings thus require generation ofmultiple copies of many paper documents and manual exchange of them.With only paper copies of documents, the parties do not have theopportunity or advantage of computer-based approaches to managedocuments electronically and perform various functions on them such assearching.

Some legal resource providers have attempted to provide for electronicexchange of litigation-related documents requiring participation ofcourts. However, the courts usually have little if any incentive torequire that parties provide electronic copies and make them availableto a third-party for distribution to others. Without substantial courtparticipation, these providers can only maintain a small fraction of thevast amount of litigation-related documents exchanged every day.Accordingly, a need exists for management and exchange oflitigation-related documents without requiring participation of courtsor other tribunals.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A method and apparatus consistent with the present invention compile andmaintain documents, including litigation-related documents. The methodand apparatus provide for a central repository to store the documents,which are received from authoring entities of the correspondingdocuments. In the central repository, each of the documents isassociated with the corresponding authoring entity, and a subject matteris identified for the documents. The method and apparatus selectivelyprovide access to the stored documents in the central repository, andthe selective access can include, for example, uploading new documents,viewing an index or list of the documents, or searching the documents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part ofthis specification and, together with the description, explain theadvantages and principles of the invention. In the drawings,

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating use of a litigation-related documentrepository;

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating use of an interface to facilitatedocument conversion for a litigation-related document repository;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a system for implementing a litigation-relateddocument repository;

FIGS. 4-6 are a flow chart of a method for processing documents and userrequests for a litigation-related document repository;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a log in page;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a new user page;

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a user page;

FIG. 10 is a diagram of a document index page;

FIG. 11 is a diagram of a document page;

FIG. 12 is a diagram of an upload document page; and

FIG. 13 is a diagram of a search page.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

An example of an embodiment for implementing the present invention isdescribed in this specification with respect to a company and web sitereferred to as ezDocket and ezDocket.com. These terms are used forexemplary purposes only, and embodiments of the present invention can beimplemented with any type or name of an entity.

Every day, litigants, clients and judges exchange several milliondocuments. By “unbundling” the labor/paper intensive parts from eachlitigation document transaction and transferring them to an efficienton-line environment, ezDocket can leave the court-sensitive part of thetransaction intact, so no courthouse approval or partnership isrequired. Later, when courthouses do opt-in, ezDocket immediately adaptsto include them.

By offering service to individual litigants, clients and/or judges—andnot only to court systems or law firms—ezDocket can direct its resourcesstraight to end users with the highest demand and profit potential,again without costly bureaucratic approvals or delays.

This “unbundling” approach lets ezDocket dramatically cut operatingexpense and user fees, offer flexible terms, and provide servicethroughout the nation, not one courthouse at a time.

Service providers have traditionally refused to offer on-line docketservice unless institutional “bundles”—such as courthouses and lawfirms—partner with the provider first. If a senior law partner or judgerejects the partnership, then every other lawyer or judge in the“bundle” who wants service is denied access. On the other hand, if the“bundle” accepts service, there is no assurance that the individualsunder its authority will use or pay for it.

Consequently, these “all-or-nothing” bundles of service and users aremismatched, creating huge resource misallocation, inefficiency and loss.

ezDocket eliminates these artificial “bundles” and lets individuals useon-line service in the same way they use the courts—one case and oneperson at a time. At any stage in their lawsuit, arbitration or otherdispute, opposing counsel, parties and/or adjudicators can open or joinan ezDocket account on any browser and establish a dedicated, neutral,and reliable web site to organize, store, access, search, sort, cut andpaste existing filings and discovery exhibits, as well as compose,research and send new material.

Traditional courthouse partnerships offer “bundled” service in a tinyhandful of venues and then absorb huge, recurring launch costs for addedpersonnel, travel/housing, training and promotion—all before they evenreach a single user in each court's limited market space.

ezDocket, in contrast, offers service everywhere and then lets usersself-select, just as they have done with scores of other web services,at little or no cost to the provider. This “viral” marketing approachmaximizes service to high-efficiency users who generate the greatestrevenues at the least expense. It also lets ezDocket cut costs bykeeping staff, management and processing in one central location, forexample, rather than constantly deploying them to perceived “bundle”sites such as courts and law firms.

ezDocket can let users who do not want to pay fees continue to getservice. This encourages sampling, preserves critical user mass andavoids undesirable piecemeal participation in each proceeding. ezDocketcan offer no-fee service by selling on-line advertisementspace—something that courthouse-regulated partnerships are discouragedfrom trying. Since the legal-services demographic commands extremelyhigh ad rates, limited advertisement insertion and market survey datagenerate sufficient revenue to offset or exceed lost user fees.

Since the system is “user-centric”—that is, non-dependent on courthouseapproval or employees—ezDocket can also do the following:

-   -   (1) respond quickly to user needs, market trends and new user        opportunities, as well as decline service to high-maintenance        customers (e.g., users who insist on filing everything on paper)        without the risk, cost and delay of getting permission from each        partner-courthouse, one-by-one,    -   (2) scale system features to let each group of case litigants,        judges and/or courts opt-in easily under their own rules,        database, security, hardware and other preferences, rather than        impose a “one size fits all” set of terms on all user groups,        and    -   (3) avoid the awkward conflict-of-interest of soliciting        investors to partner with the same courthouses in which the        investors themselves may be involved in litigation.

Since it is independent, ezDocket can obtain content from outsidesources to offer “click-through” access directly from pleadings to caselaw and other legal authority.

The ezDocket Solution

A. Overview

ezDocket may aim for one type of customer—people who are (a) involved orinterested in litigation and (b) use the Internet to save time andmoney. Since both of these demographics are growing, so is ezDocket'scustomer base. Since ezDocket links groups of multiple users, siteinitiators will, in effect, promote—or “virally market”—the systemsimply by using it, thereby expanding customer base exponentially witheach new account they open.

Potential user groups include lawyers, as well as others. Instead ofwaiting in line to manhandle reams of paper files in stuffy docketrooms, they can access, sort, search, paste and send documents in theircase instantly on-line. And they can do it anytime and anywhere in theworld having network access.

Their clients can use ezDocket too and constitute other potential usergroups. Large, technically savvy corporations with their own in-housecounsel, for example, need a fast, cost-efficient way to monitor thestatus of their lawsuits worldwide without running up outside counselfees every time they want to see a new filing. These clients can alsouse ezDocket to monitor their lawyers' performance, without theirlawyers ever knowing or charging for it.

Mass-use customers such as class action participants,shareholder-derivative claimants and other broad-based litigation groupscan use ezDocket to cut millions in mailing and copying costs alone, aswell as for other purposes.

The media, another potential user group, can rely on ezDocket inhigh-profile cases as an instant source of accurate primary casematerials.

Finally, in developed countries with a standardized justice system,every one of these customer groups can use ezDocket for the same reasonsas their U.S. counterparts, as well as to avoid time zone, distance andcourthouse language barriers.

No judicial bureaucracy needs to set the terms, content, prices or otherfeatures of on-line docketing for anyone who wants it. But if courts,arbitrators or other adjudicators do wish to opt-in, and ezDocket'susers allow it, then ezDocket can provide adjudicator turnkey accessfree of charge to encourage judicial acceptance of the service. This canlet adjudicators instantly go “live” on-line with no long termcontracts, personnel changes, or platform infrastructure commitments,since ezDocket works on existing browsers.

ezDocket need not always mean a user can stop mailing paper to thecourt—for now, users may still be required to do that until theiradjudicator opts in, as described above. But ezDocket does enable usersto put most of litigation dataflow on-line immediately.

New users enter personal and billing/credit card information as well asspecific information about their case. Sample agreements setting upmutual usage terms, reliance and dispute resolution options can beprovided, along with security options and procedures to upload or attachdocuments, for example in Word or WordPerfect text and Acrobat images.Courts, judges or arbitrators who wish to participate can also haveaccess, subject to the user group consent.

Once authorized, users will see a list of the cases they are allowed toaccess, along with search, sort and view options available to pick thedatafiles, documents and specific lines of text they want to see.Additional services may also be available.

At all times users can have access to ezDocket's 800 number, forexample, for live tech support and, on upgraded accounts, verbalrecitation of case content where users cannot access a browser. Even iftheir offices are closed, their staff is gone and their computers aredown, ezDocket can still provide content.

B. Exemplary Product Information

Customer Base. ezDocket can be made available to every litigant, counseland authorized observer in any lawsuit, arbitration, mediation,administrative hearing or other proceeding in the world. No law firm orin-person meeting is required. Anyone or any business can register andget help on-line or by phone and start using ezDocket in a matter ofminutes.

Cross-Court Compatibility. ezDocket eliminates cross-jurisdictionalincompatibility. Users can access, search and paste filings in all theircases—worldwide and with no jurisdictional roadblocks—in a singlesession, at one web site and on one account. ezDocket offerscourt-specific or standardized templates to index and locate documents,even if users are not familiar with local court rules or terminology.Anyone who likes ezDocket can use it over and over again in all theircases.

Dependence on the Court. ezDocket is independent of the court and notsubject to the risk of requiring court participation. Therefore,ezDocket is free to generate revenue through on-line advertisements, forexample. If customers tolerate limited advertisement placement, ezDocketcan use advertisement revenue to supplement or reduce reliance on userfees.

Public or Private Repository. With ezDocket if one or more parties wantto use the on-line system only as a private digital repository (e.g., asa closed client/lawyer “intranet”), then they can exclude other parties.Since users, not courts, dictate access terms, users can adapt thesystem with or without all parties participating, thereby encouragingacceptance, usage and viral marketing.

Choice of Customers. ezDocket can decline customers and, thereby,guarantee that all its files are pure digital text, for example, thatcan be word and date searched, indexed, cut and pasted into responsivepleadings, client letters, e-mails and other documents, withoutre-typing or scanning of paper originals. ezDocket is not just a staticread-only database but, instead, a vital tool to create, edit andtransmit documents between lawyers, clients, news media, and otherlitigation or adjudication participants.

Flexibility. ezDocket can make changes instantly. In a new and evolvingindustry, this lets ezDocket respond to changing user preferences, laborsupply and market conditions quickly and seamlessly.

Conflict of Interest. Since ezDocket need not be an “arm of the court,”ezDocket avoids any potential appearance of impropriety and conflictissue.

C. Revenue Sources ezDocket's three exemplary revenue sources mayinclude user fees, add-on services and advertising/profiling.

1. Fee-Based Services

ezDocket may charge a flat subscription fee and a fee for downloading ofdocuments. These fees can include, for example, a flat fee based upon atime period; a fee based upon time of use; a fee based upon downloadingof the litigation-related documents; a fee based upon uploading of thelitigation-related documents to the central repository; or discountedfees based upon particular criteria related to the users.

2. Additional Services

Once on-line at their ezDocket case site, customers may want additionalservices. These custom features will further condition users to acceptand rely on ezDocket-specific as a portal and use its interfaces,software, applications and/or plug-ins to perform the followingexemplary services:

(1) customized security, layered authorization to accommodate specificuser groups, clients, media, and others,

(2) touchtone (telephone) access with automated voice response and/orvoice reading of content for users who cannot access a browser,

(3) client/attorney liaison services, such as auctioning of packagedlegal services, bidding for client legal work, placement of legalpersonnel, real-time billing updates, and other services,

(4) customized templates, cumulative case sites and indexes unique tothe law firm, the case party(ies) or other customer group(s),

(5) on-line word processing applications and/or real-timemulti-user/conference messaging, editing and e-mail directly to and fromthe user's secured ezDocket site, which allows users to plan, write andsend correspondence or briefs without leaving their ezDocket site,

(6) access to databases for legal research of case law, regulations,news, corporate data, and other content, via general and direct citationlinks to partner providers and/or database licensing agreements (thiscan be particularly useful to access databases that normally chargemembership fees; by allowing ezDocket-users to enter a la carte, bothsites can cross-promote each other),

(7) contract negotiation (e.g., final version trustee), mediation andarbitration services with both on-line-only (using ezDocket) andtraditional face-to-face participation,

(8) paper-to-digital transition and conversion services including courtreporting/transcription, electronic filing, high-capacity scanning(optical character recognition) data conversion services to let userssearch and edit bulk exhibits, images, video, audio and documentproduction, paper document delivery and filing, retrieval services andreferrals.

3. Advertisement, Marketing Data Revenue

ezDocket's user base of lawyers and corporate executives represents ahigh-income and industry-specific demographic that currently commandsadvertisement fees significantly higher than those charged by mass-mediaweb sites.

As ezDocket attracts other users—such as the media, academics, classaction participants, and other user groups—this exposure base can expandand attract a broader range of advertisers.

As ezDocket's customer profile database grows, it can target pop-upadvertisements to specific users, search patterns, or other criteria.For example, a professor from a college in Austin might see anadvertisement for an academic publication in Texas while lawyers from afirm in Chicago would see a promotion for court reporters in Illinois;pop-up placement effectiveness could be measured by click-throughs,permitting continuous correlation correction.

Customer profile information measuring various data—such as intensity ofinterest in class action litigation in a key geographic or demographicgroup—can also be gathered and sold to market analysts as a separateproduct.

To the extent that certain users may prefer not to see advertising,ezDocket can provide an identical “twin” site offering access to allezDocket services without advertisements. Users at the twin site willpay an increased fee, for example. Consistent with ezDocket'suser-centric approach, the user can be provided the choice.

Independent Litigation Repository Methodology

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a system 10 for implementing thelitigation-related document repository methodologies described above.System 10 includes a central repository 17 for storing and managinglitigation-related documents in a structured database 20. Centralrepository 17 stores the documents typically in electronic form and caninclude or be associated with a separate repository to store hard copiesof the electronic documents. As an alternative to electronic storage,central repository 17 can store the documents in one or more of thefollowing exemplary forms: a magnetic media, an optical media, or anynon-electronic media.

The documents are received (30, 32) from one or more authoring entities14 and 16 via an interface 18, providing conversion of documents betweenvarious formats. The authoring entities 14 and 16 also usually provide(26, 28) the litigation-related documents to adjudication entities 12.The authoring entities usually include those who prepare the documentsbut can also include others who submit the documents on behalf of theactual author. The adjudication entities can include courts or othertribunals such as those for mediation, arbitration, or administrativeproceedings.

Other users 22 and 24 can also be provided with access to centralrepository 17 to search and retrieve (34, 36) litigation-relateddocuments from database 20. These users can access litigation-relateddocuments for proceedings to which they are not a party, and they canalso access documents for their own proceedings if they are a party toone. Central repository 17 can provide for selective access by the otherusers and provide for various payment options for the users to accessand download documents, as described above with respect to fees. It canalso provide for other services in addition to document search andretrieval.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, central repository 17 does not requireparticipation by the adjudication entities 12 to manage and provide thelitigation-related documents to users. Rather, the exchange occursindependent of the adjudication entities with central repository 17functioning in effect as a trusted third party for the documents itmanages and maintains. In other words, an entity operating centralrepository 17 is typically not a part of any litigation or dispute asrepresented by the litigation-related documents. Although not required,adjudication entities 12 can participate in document exchange viacentral repository 17.

In acting as a trusted third party, central repository 17 can store thelitigation-related documents in read-only form in order to verify tousers the authenticity of them. Users can at their own discretion save adocument locally in order to modify it for their own purposes; however,with the read-only feature users can be assured of the accuracy andauthenticity of the litigation-related documents downloaded from centralrepository 17. For example, a downloaded litigation-related documentfrom central repository 17 is an exact electronic duplicate of the samedocument filed with adjudication entities 12. An exemplaryimplementation using this read-only feature is further explained in thesample user agreement provided in the Appendix.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating use of interface 18 to facilitatedocument conversion for a litigation-related document repository.Interface 18 receives (27) litigation-related documents potentially indisparate formats 38 from the authoring entities or other sources. Inparticular, users may upload the documents in a variety of wordprocessing program formats or other formats for network distribution ofdocuments such as Portable Document Format (PDF) files. Also, it caneven receive the documents in paper format, such as via a mail service,and then scan them into an appropriate format for the database.

Interface 18 converts (25) the documents to a common format 23, forexample, for storage in database 20, possibly using a template 21 toplace each document in the appropriate format. Conversion betweenvarious document formats is known in the art, and interface 18 can beimplemented with any programmatic technique to convert between formats.In particular, it can store various algorithms or protocols specifyingrules for conversion and can retrieve the appropriate algorithm for theconversion by identifying the input format and desired output format fora document. The format 23 for the documents can be implemented with anytype of data structure such as a relational database or anobject-oriented database, and the data structure can index and organizethe documents according to various criteria or descriptive features.

Table 1 provides an example of an index having various fields that canbe associated with each document. Any of the exemplary fields can beused to associate a subject matter with each document, and the term“subject matter” is intended to include any identifying information fora document. The fields can be used to index the litigation-relateddocuments. In particular, each document can be indexed according to oneor more of the fields, or one or more types of subject matter.

In Table 1, the link field can specify a stored location or address forthe document. The court or other tribunal field can specify the name orjurisdiction of the adjudication entity in which the document is filed.The case number and docket number fields can specify the adjudicationentity's number for the case and the number of the docket entry for thedocument. The title field can specify the title of the pleading or othertype of document. The author field can specify the name of the actualauthor or, for example, the name of a party submitting the document. Theactivity date field can specify the date and optionally time that thedocument was submitted to an adjudication entity or the centralrepository. The key words field can specify any key words or phrasesentered for the document. The abstract field can provide a narrativesummary of the document or a link to such a summary. The fields shown inTable 1 are provided for illustrative purposes only and different fieldscan be used. The fields provide for a way to manage, organize, andsearch the documents. Use of fields in a data structure, such as tablesin a relational database, are known in the art.

TABLE 1 Document Index link to court or case docket title authoractivity key abstract document other number number date words tribunal

Interface 18 can also retrieve (25) litigation-related documents fromdatabase 20 and convert them into a format requested by a user, forexample. These formats may include formats compatible with various wordprocessing programs or other applications, or other formats for networkdistribution such as PDF files. Interface 18 can use various algorithms,as identified above, for the document conversion. Once converted,interface 18 sends (27) the document to a requesting user.

System for Litigation-Related Document Repository

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a system 40 for implementing a litigation-relateddocument repository. System 40 includes central repository 17 forstoring and managing the litigation-related documents. Centralrepository 17 can include, for example, a memory 64, a processor 72 forexecuting an application 66 stored in memory 64 or other applications,an input device 68 for receiving information or commands, a displaydevice 70 for providing a visual display of information, an outputdevice 74 for outputting information in various forms, and a secondarystorage 76 for providing non-volatile storage of database 20. Centralrepository 17 can interact with one or more user machines 44 and 62 viaa network 42 such as the Internet or any other type of distributedwireline or wireless network. Central repository 17 can be implementedwith, for example, a server hosting a web site or other electronicallyaccessible network location, and redundant or back-up servers can alsobe used. Also, system 40 can be scalable to add and delete user machinesfrom the network.

User machine 44 typically includes a memory 46, a processor 58 forexecuting a web browser 48 or other application 50 stored in memory 46,an input device 52 for receiving information or commands, a displaydevice 54 for providing a visual display of information, an outputdevice 56 for outputting information in various forms, and a secondarystorage 60 for providing non-volatile data storage. User machine 62 caninclude, for example, the same components as user machine 44. Anyprocessor-based device for receiving information from a network anddisplaying it in pages or screens can be used to implement the usermachines. The communications via network 42 can use, for example,protocols known in the art such as Transmission ControlProtocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and HyperText Transport Protocol(HTTP). The information sent for display on the user machines can beformatted, for example, in web pages using HyperText Markup Language(HTML). Browser 48 can include typical browser functions for navigatingpages or screens such as forward, back, refresh, and home commands.

Processing for Litigation-Related Document Repository

FIGS. 4-6 are a flow chart of a method 80 for processing documents anduser requests for a litigation-related document repository. Method 80can be implemented, for example, in software modules for execution bycentral repository 17. In method 80, a user at one of the user machines44 and 62 logs onto central repository 17 (step 82). The log on canoccur, for example, by the user accessing a web site via the browser oraccessing other types of electronically accessible network locations.For any type of network location, it can include an optional site mapfor selection and display to the user for navigating the site, and anexemplary site map is provided in Table 2. The site map in Table 2 isprovided for illustrative purposes only, and implementations of alitigation-related document repository can use different configurationsand features for a network site.

TABLE 2 Exemplary Site Map for Repository Web Site EzDocket Homepage -Gateway to ezDocket WebSite  (Contains general text conveying overviewof ezDocket and the  product, probably one banner marquee to display andlink to current  ezdocket news, also could be some advertising offeredon this page,  logon for current users who should be able to enter nameand  password and logon from this page.)    Opening an account -Creating an ezDocket Account  (Gives an overview of setting-up anezDocket account including  pricing options, most likely credit cardonly billing system,  hyperlink to open an account page)   Open anaccount - Capture new user information   Captures the following fieldsof information:   Name   User Type (Lawyer, Pro se Party, etc.) pulldown bar selection   for pre-defined categories.   Law Firm or Company  Address   Phone   Email Address   Client (Party in Case)   Each stateadmitted and bar number for each state.   User choice: Non-payment withads or Payment by Credit card,   info for billing including a systemthat user can display a monthly   billing summary with a list ofdocuments added, associated   charge and total.   Agreement Page -Reiterates terms and conditions and has user   verify that they agree tothem. Lists, explains and lets new user   consent to additional terms.  Confirmation Page - Either show information missing or confirms  information has been processed, emails user login name and   passwordand separate user upload password.  Existing user login - Screen usergets upon logging in with name and  password.  (Welcomes user, displayslatest info. to existing users, ads - ads could  appear on all pagesunder this level, gives the user their case index  (folder - explorertype look and feel), user can drill down to document  index alwayshaving same functionality at each level for add case, add  document,search documents, manage folders, help)   Displays case folder withfollowing fields of information for   cases setup by the user in anindex format:    Case # (ezDocket generated unique number when case issetup)    Filing Date    Case Name    Plaintiff    Defendant    # ofentries (Can display # of documents in the case folder)   The fieldshave ascending/descending sort capability.   Add Case - Allows user toestablish a new case or add existing case   to their case index.    AddExisting Case - Allows user to add an existing case number    that'sbeen given to them.    Captures field:    Case #    (Program adds thiscase folder to their index)    Setup New Case - Allows user to setup acase folder that doesn't    exist.    Captures following fields:    CaseName    Plaintiff(s)*     Address     Phone     Email    Plaintiff'sAttorney(s)*     Address     Phone     Email    Defendant(s)*    Address     Phone     Email    Defendant's Attorney(s)*     Address    Phone     Email    Court or Other Forum     Forum Type (Court,Arbitration, Administrative, etc.)     Address     Phone     Email    Judge/Adjudicator Assigned     Case/Docket #    *info acceptsmultiple parties and associated information.    Confirmation Page -Either show information missing or confirms    information has beenprocessed, assigns and displays unique    ezdocket generated case #,adds case to user index, emails user    a summary of the caseinformation along with assigned case #.   Add Document - Allows user toupload a document to a folder.    (Acceptable formats to includeWordPerfect,Word, HTML, or Text)    Capture following fields pertainingto the document:    ezDocket Case Number and User Upload Password   Parties on Document    Document Title    Document Type (e.g. Motion,Answer, etc. pull down table    standard options plus other option toput in free form text.)    Date Filed    Attachment(s) (allows user touse explorer-type browser to add    attachments to the primary documentor a free form text message    indicating availability of theattachments)    User specification of upload as either FILED or NOTFILED in court    Confirmation Page - Either show information missing orconfirms    information has been processed, adds document to main rootcase    folder. Discloses that there is a charge associated with addingthe    document, user confirms, updates their accounting/billing record.  Search Documents - Allows user to search documents.    Allows users tosearch on the following:    Capture fields from Add Document above.   Bring up a template of case field/document fields allow searching on   any combination of info in those fields.    Search for text:    Checkoff boxes to search for text in:     Any field.     Document.    Attachment.     Anywhere (e.g. - entire database available to user).   Search Results Page - Returns the listing of items found. If search   items found in a document. Each occurrence of the search term(s)   should be highlighted and it should be easy to move to the next or   previous occurrence. User should have the option to store queries   for future use without re-entering.   Manage Folders - Users managetheir folders.    (User should be able to use an explorer/drag and dropinterface    to create and organize documents in a main case folderaccording    to their preferences and maintain this organization forthat particular    user. Any new documents added will be added to theroot case folder    until the user moves it)    Add Terms - Allows userto upload consent to additional user terms;    unanimous consent willresult in incorporationof terms by ezDocket    and all users in eachcase group.    Close Account - Allows users to discontinue service and   participation in one or all their cases.   Help - Allows users to getonline help. This should mimic the   book/index/content searchableuser's manual found in most programs   today. About ezDocket - Moredetailed info about ezDocket and its services. Contact ezDocket -Contact info. to reach ezDocket.  (Ability to email ezDocket viahyperlink) Demo gives a multimedia overview of service.  (Shoulddemonstrate users case index view, sorting, searching, viewing  anduploading document.) Non-SSL Login - Allows user to login with lesssecurity.  (would proceed to existing user login page)

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a log in page 180. A user can enter a name orother identifier in section 182 and a password in section 184. A userselects section 186 to initiate the log on process or a section 188 tocancel it. A new user can select a section 190 to log onto the centralrepository 17 without initially requiring a password and to prompt thesystem to set-up an account for the user.

Therefore, the central repository 17 determines if the user is a newuser (step 84) and, if so, it can set-up an account for the user. Inparticular, the central repository 17 can detect a user's selection ofsection 190 and query the user for user information such as a name,address, and credit card information for payment (step 86). The centralrepository 17 sets up an on-line account for the new user, including auser profile (step 88), confirms the user's acceptance of an on-lineagreement concerning use of the central repository 17 (step 90), anddisplays a new user page (step 91). An example of an on-line useragreement for use of the central repository is provided in the Appendixto the present specification.

Also, aspects and features of a more detailed exemplary process for anew user are provided in the sample user agreement in the Appendix andthe sample site map in Table 2. As shown in the sample agreement andsite map, those additional features can include, for example, a new useridentifying authorized users for the new user's group, the new userproviding information about other users in the group for marketing orother purposes, and various types of payment options for use of thecentral repository.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a new user page 192. The new user can enter userinformation in a section 194 and payment information in a section 196. Asection 198 can be selected to submit the information, or selection of asection 200 cancels the process. The user information can include, forexample, information identifying the user such as a name and address,and it can also include user profile information.

Table 3 provides an example of a data structure for a user account. InTable 3, the user name and password fields can be used to specify theuser's log on information. The user profile information field can beused to specify any type of information related to or characterizing theuser such as an address, occupation, hobbies, and interests. The paymentinformation and options field can specify a particular option selectedby the user, such as one of the fee options identified above, and otherinformation for payment such as a credit card number. The user's casefolders field can specify a user's case folders, as explained below, orcontain links to them. The fields in Table 3 are provided forillustrative purposes only, and different fields can be used.

TABLE 3 User Account user name user password user profile user's paymentuser's case information information and folders options

If the user logging onto the central repository 17 is a registered user(step 84), the central repository 17 retrieves the user's case folders(step 92) and displays the user's page with an identification of thecase folders (step 94). Central repository 17 can verify the user's login name and password entered in sections 182 and 184 against databaseentries for authorized user accounts. The user accounts can be specifiedin any data structure stored within database 20 or associated with it.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a user page 202 for display in step 94. The usercan select a section 204 to manage folders, a section 206 to search fordocuments, and a section 208 to obtain on-line help. Page 202 displays alist of case folders 212 for the user, and a case folder can be selectedby, for example, “clicking on” the box next to the case name asillustrated by icon 210. The user's case folders can be linked orotherwise associated with the user's on-line account in order forcentral repository 17 to retrieve and display an indication of them.

The central repository 17 can optionally display on-line advertisementsto the user (step 96). The display of these advertisements can occur,for example, as the to user's “payment” for access to the system asdescribed above. Central repository 17 can access the user's on-lineaccount in order to detect the user's payment option and thus determinewhether to display advertisements to the user. In addition, theadvertisements can be selected for display based upon various criteriasuch as, for example, default information or the user's profile.Therefore, on-line advertisements potentially relating to the user'sinterests can be selected and targeted to the user. Aside from paymentcriteria, on-line advertisements can be selected and displayed for otherreasons as well.

The central repository 17 then processes user requests received from theuser machine (step 98). If the user requests to add a case (step 100),central repository 17 receives from the user case information and addsit to a case folder (step 102). If the user requests to set up a newcase (step 104), central repository 17 receives new case informationfrom the user (step 106) and sets up a case folder for it (step 108).The add case and set up case options can be part of, for example,section 204 in page 202 to manage case folders. Also, aspects andfeatures of a more detailed exemplary process for setting up a new caseare provided in the sample site map in Table 2. As shown in the samplesite map, those additional features can include, for example, use ofcase codes to access documents without requiring re-entry of otherdocument information.

If the user selects a case (step 110), the central repository 17displays docket entries for the selected case (step 112). Selection of acase can occur, for example, by the user “clicking on” one of the icons210 for a case in page 202. FIG. 10 is a diagram of a document indexpage 214 for displaying docket entries in step 212. Page 214 provides anexample of a template for displaying a document, and central repository17 can include multiple templates for displaying documents in a varietyof ways based upon, for example, a user selection or default template.

Upon detecting a user's selection of a case in page 202, the centralrepository 17 can display page 214 having a case description 218 anddocket entries as indicated by a document number 220, title 222, author224, and activity date 226. The user can select a particular documentby, for example, “clicking on” the corresponding document number 220.Fields 220, 222, 224, and 226 can correspond with the informationprovided in Table 1.

If the user selects a particular displayed entry in page 214 (step 114),the central repository 17 displays the document corresponding with theentry (step 116). Selection of an entry can occur, for example, by theuser “clicking on” one of the numbers 220 for the desired document. FIG.11 is a diagram of a document page 228. Upon detecting a user'sselection of a document in page 214, the central repository 17 candisplay page 228 providing the selected document and related informationfor it. For example, page 228 can display an indication of a court orother tribunal for the document 230, a listing of the parties to thecase 232, a case number 234, the actual document text 236, and possiblyone or more hyperlinks 237 embedded in the document text. The hyperlinkscan be used to link, for example, exhibits, case law, statutes,secondary authority, other authorities, news sources, or other relevantdocuments. Page 228 can also include a section 239 for a user to selectin order to download the document.

If the user requests to add a document via selection of section 216 inpage 214 (step 118), central repository 17 receives from the user thedocument and an identification of a case for it (step 120). Documentscan be added to the central repository in a variety of ways, such as viae-mail or an electronic network transfer via a browser or otherapplication. The documents can include litigation-related documents,other types of documents, and referenced documents, which can include,for example, exhibits or other items referenced by another document.

FIG. 12 is a diagram of an upload document page 238, which permits auser to electronically add a document to a case and can be displayed tothe user by central repository 17 upon detecting selection of section216. Page 238 includes sections for a user to enter a case name 240,title 242, abstract 244, file name or address 246, and optional keywords for indexing or searching purposes 248, and this information cancorrespond with various fields in Table 1. A user can select a section245 to upload the file or select a section 247 to cancel the upload.

The central repository 17 determines if any required information ismissing from page 238 (step 122) and can provide a message querying theuser to obtain the missing information (step 124). Upon receiving thecomplete information, the central repository 17 converts the document tothe common database format (step 126) and inserts optional hyperlinks(step 127). The hyperlinks can be used to link other documents orinformation to the received document, and examples of hyperlinkedinformation are provided above. In addition, the initial hyperlinksadded to the document can be used to dynamically link content to thereceived document. In other words, each time a user downloads thedocument from central repository 17, the browser can refresh thehyperlink by using it to retrieve the linked content.

Since a hyperlink generally specifies only an address or pointer tocontent, the actual linked content can be changed and, upon a userselecting the hyperlink, the browser will retrieve the new linkedcontent. In addition to linking to content, the hyperlinks can be usedto link to additional hyperlinks. For example, a first hyperlink canlink to a menu listing additional hyperlinks to content, and any ofthose hyperlinks or content can dynamically change as well. A menu maybe implemented to allow the user to select from hyperlink and contentoptions.

The central repository 17 then adds the document to database and indexesit for later searching and retrieval (step 128). The conversion canoccur programmatically as explained above.

If the user requests to download a document (step 130), the centralrepository 17 receives the user's request for a document (step 132) andretrieves the corresponding document (step 134). The central repository17 also preferably queries the user for a requested format for thedocument (step 136), and converts the document to the requested formatand downloads it to the user machine (step 138). Central repository 17can convert the document programmatically via interface 18 as describedabove. Downloading can occur, for example, via a user selecting section239 in page 228 with a particular format entered in a section 241.

If the user requests to perform a search via selection of section 206 ina relevant page (step 140), the central repository 17 displays a searchpage to obtain information for the search (step 142). FIG. 13 is adiagram of a search page 250 for display to the user by centralrepository 17 upon detecting selection of the search option. A user canenter a search query in section 252 and select a section 254 to submitthe search or a section 256 to cancel the search. Selection of section208 provides for the on-line help. A user can select sorting options insection 258 such as sorting search results by relevance or entry number.The user can also enter search parameters or qualifiers. In particular,the user can enter search qualifiers 260, author and key words 262,search limits 264, and time parameters 266.

Upon receiving the search query (step 144) and an indication of fieldsin which to search (step 146), the central repository 17 performs thesearch (step 148) and displays an indication of the search results (step150). The search can be performed using, for example, any type ofnetwork search engine. The search results can be displayed, for example,through display of case folders or a listing of located documents. Ifthe user requests to download a document from the search (step 152), thecentral repository 17 queries the user for a format (step 154), convertsthe document to the requested format (step 156), and downloads theconverted document to the user machine (step 158). Central repository 17can perform the conversion programmatically using interface 18 asdescribed above.

The central repository 17 also determines if the user requests to managecase folders (step 160), which can occur through the user's selection ofsection 204 in page 202. If the central repository 17 receives new terms(step 162), it adds or otherwise applies them to the case folders (step164). If the central repository 17 receives a request to close anaccount (step 166), it closes all case folders for the account (step168). If the central repository 17 receives a request to organizefolders (step 170), it selectively organizes the case folders based uponuser input (step 172).

While the user remains on-line (step 174), central repository 17 canrepeat method 80 by returning to step 98 to process the user's requests.In addition to the features described above, examples of more detailedprocesses relating to the various user requests are provided in thesample user agreement in the Appendix and the sample site map in Table2. When the user logs off, the central repository 17 can process paymentoptions for the user (step 176) such as the various options describedabove with respect to fees.

While the present invention has been described in connection with anexemplary embodiment, it will be understood that many modifications willbe readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and this application isintended to cover any adaptations or variations thereof. For example,various types of user devices, hardware components for the user machinesand central repository, formatting for the pages, types of networktransmissions may be used without departing from the scope of theinvention. This invention should be limited only by the claims andequivalents thereof.

APPENDIX

Exemplary On-Line Docketing Service User Agreement

I. Introduction

WHEREAS,

1. The undersigned User (“User”) is engaged as a party or as counsel toa party in a litigation, arbitration, administrative proceeding or otherdispute resolution matter (a “Dispute”), and

2. The User wishes to send, receive, access, search, sort and indexonline and in digital format all filings, discovery and other officialdocuments in a Dispute (in general, the “Data” or, with respect to alldocuments stored by ezD in a Dispute, the “Database”) for the purpose ofreducing the time and cost of performing some or all of these tasksmanually and/or on paper, and

3. The User wishes to retain ezDocket (“ezD”) to perform the tasks ofreceiving, identifying, date/time stamping, preserving in read-onlyoriginal form, storing, indexing, searching and making available onlinevia the Internet to User and, on an equal and neutral basis, to otherparties to such Dispute (either individually or through their counsel,“Party” or “Parties,” with all Parties in a Dispute, including User,together, constituting the “User Group”) and such non-Parties as theUser Group agrees may have access to this Database, and

4. The User understands that the court, arbitrator, panel and/or otheradjudicator of User's Dispute (the “Forum”) may itself elect to retainezD to receive and send documents to and from the User Group Partiesonline, rather than on paper,

The User agrees as follows:

II. Agreement

A. Parties

This ezDocket User Agreement (“Agreement”) between User (“User”) andezDocket (“ezD”) is entered into on such date as User's onlineapplication is Confirmed, as set forth in the confirmation terms below(see “Confirming Your Account”).

B. Opening an Account

User agrees to complete all information requested of new users set forthin the attached ezD Site Map by entering such information online atwww.ezDocket.com. User warrants that all such information is accurate,and will be updated to remain accurate, and that User is authorized toprovide all such information on behalf of User's principal, owner orclient, if any.

To the best of ezD's knowledge, no Forums prohibit or restrict therendering or acceptance of the services contemplated in this Agreement.In the event, however, that User is or becomes aware of any rule, law,regulation, procedure, standard, general or protective order or decree(“legal authority”) to the contrary, User agrees to notify ezD of suchlegal authority immediately by e-mail.

C. Confirming Your Account

If User's e-mail address is identical to that which appears in apublished law directory, such as the Martindale-Hubbell directory, thenezD will send User's Login Name, Password and Upload Code (as set forthin the attached ezD Site Map) to User's published e-mail address uponreceipt of this Agreement in completed form by User. User agrees to bebound to this Agreement upon User's first entry of any of theseauthorization codes into the ezD website.

User agrees that User need not send or receive any hand-signed paper,facsimile or electronic image in order to be bound to this Agreement.(Users with non-published e-mail addresses should contact ezD by e-mailfor separate confirmation instructions.)

D. Your Own User Terms

Notice of ezD Availability to All Parties

User agrees to contact and to allow ezD to contact all existing Partiesto each particular Dispute in which User is a Party, as well as futureParties to such Disputes (as soon as User learns of them), and apprisethem that they are entitled to open an ezD account for each suchDispute.

Mandatory Uploads and Site Use

User agrees to upload to ezD a document identical to any document Userfiles on paper (or otherwise) with the User Group's Forum. User willcomplete such upload on the same calendar day as the paper filing to theForum and no later or earlier than six (6) hours before or after either(a) the time of mailing by U.S. Postal Service or other carrier, or (b)the paper filing date/time stamp by the Forum, whichever is earlier.Since uploads are not accepted by ezD unless they contain the User'sunique and confidential User name, password and separate upload code, noadditional signature or authentication will be required to identify orverify uploads. (For users who prefer enhanced security through cookies,encryption and/or electronic signature software, ezD will incorporatesuch measures on an individual basis.) User consents to let ezD e-mailnotice and a copy of such uploads to all Parties in User's User Groupand to non-parties authorized by the User Group. User agrees to markuploads not filed in User Group's Forum as “UPLOADED ONLY ANDNON-FILED.”

User agrees to upload Data to and access ezD and its Database only inaccordance with this Agreement and the current online interface anddatabase access procedures set forth in the ezD Site Map. User agrees toreview and follow all modifications to this Agreement and theseprocedures, subject to e-mail notice from ezD. User agrees not to copy(other than for User's own use), appropriate or resell any uploadeddocument (or portion thereof) from any ezD Database. User agrees not tocopy, appropriate or resell for any purpose whatsoever, any content (notincluding an uploaded document), web page, business method or softwarefrom any website, literature or other materials, in any media, owned,created or operated by ezD.

Fees, Ads

User authorizes ezD to charge to User's credit card

for each document User uploads to ezD. User will provide User's creditcard information to ezD online, as indicated in the ezD Site Map. Anadditional fee will be charged for each year the document remains in theUser Group's Database after the first year or fraction thereof and eachbyte of data in excess of 50 kbytes (or about 20 pages)/document orfraction thereof. User site visits, downloads, searches, courtesy copiesof User uploads and e-mail notices to User of User Group Party uploadsare free and incur no User charges.

Alternatively, User may avoid fee obligations by electing to receiveservice without user fees, as indicated below under “Service WithoutUser Fees.”

ezD Services

Upon User account confirmation, as set forth above, ezD will acceptuploads from User and identify to User the sender of, date/time stamp,preserve in read-only original form, store, index, provide searchcapability and engines for, and make available online via the Internetto User and User's User Group each document uploaded to User Group'sDatabase.

In addition, ezD will e-mail to User—along with all User Group Partiesand anyone User requests—immediate notice when any Party uploads adocument to such User Group's Database.

ezD, like most Forums, does not allow Users to reclaim or reviseentries. Documents may not be edited or altered in any way by anyoneonce User uploads them to ezD. Errors may be addressed only bysubsequent uploads, at the User's discretion.

Service without User Fees

So long as User completes payment within 30 days of billing, ezD willnot place advertising material on User's interface while User accessesUser's Database.

If User fails or chooses not to make such payment, however, User'saccount will not be terminated but User will receive advertisingimpressions while accessing any ezD Database. These impressions will betargeted at the User based on the information User provided when openingUser's account and will be used to offset the fees User has declined topay.

ezD has no preference between Users who pay fees and those who receiveadvertisements and will otherwise treat both types of Users in the samemanner.

E. Your Collective User Group Terms

User Group Term Sheets, Additional Terms

User Groups may add terms to their ezD Agreements by unanimous consentat anytime (“User Group Additional Term”). Suggested additional termsappear in the Sample User Group Additional Term Sheet below.

ezD will incorporate such additional terms once they are uploaded by allUsers. If a User Group seeks additional terms not offered in the samplebelow, ezD will gladly consider them upon request.

If such additional terms are uploaded without unanimous consent, ezDwill continue to incorporate the most recent unanimous term combinationor, if there has been no prior unanimous consent, ezD will not includeany additional terms. So, for example, if Party A wishes to add a term,it can (1) upload its consent first then wait to see if Party B wishesto follow, during which time ezD will not incorporate the term untilParty B also consents, or (2) contact Party B to request its advanceconsent, after which both Parties can upload their consent so ezD canincorporate the additional term.

All uploaded consents to each User Group Additional Term will be storedand accessible to the User Group at all times, just like other uploadeddocuments. To avoid prejudice and encourage unanimity andpredictability, Users may not revoke their consent to a User GroupAdditional Term for a period of thirty (30) days after uploading suchconsent.

With respect to those User Group Additional Terms that relate only tothe Parties' conduct, rather than on ezD's service, there will be nochange in ezD service.

While ezD cannot guarantee any Party's compliance with a User GroupAdditional Term, ezD will consider non-compliance as grounds fortermination of a Party's account, subject to the procedures in theTermination Section below.

SAMPLE USER GROUP ADDITIONAL TERM SHEET—ezD suggests that first timeUsers incorporate the following terms, designed to anticipate user groupcomfort levels during the transition from paper to digital docketing.The sequence in which these terms appear is gradual, with less relianceon paper and more reliance on digital docketing over time.

This list also appears and is updated on the ezD online application,where users can check the term(s) they want and upload their consentanytime.

Months 1-3: Recommended Starting Terms for First Time Users

-   -   Concurrent Filing. User will continue to file with the Forum and        serve Parties on paper while, concurrently, uploading all        filings to the User Group's ezD Database and using ezD's online        access and services. Neither ezD nor any User will initiate        contact with the Forum to disclose that User has retained ezD        unless all Parties in the User Group upload their consent.        Strongly recommended.    -   Failure to Timely Upload Identical Documents. User agrees that        in the event User fails to timely upload a document identical to        the User's filing of the same document on paper (or otherwise)        with the User Group's Forum, thereby prejudicing any Party, then        User will not seek relief or file a procedural or other claim        related to and against such prejudiced Party. For example, if        User files a petition in court but fails to timely upload the        identical petition to ezD that day, User waives User's        objections to respondent's failure to timely oppose such        petition or challenge any outcome related to User's petition,        since it was not uploaded accurately or on time. Strongly        recommended.    -   Limited Release of Access Codes to Parties. User consents to        each User Group Party's confidential and limited disclosure of        its access codes and passwords only to disclosees who have an        attorney-client relationship or business relationship with the        Party, such as unentered counsel, affiliated business executive        or Party owner or shareholder. Such access shall not include any        Party's upload authorization codes. All uploads will remain the        full and exclusive responsibility of each Party.    -   Court Orders. User agrees to fax to ezD or upload in scanned        format to User Group's Database any document User receives from        the Forum, such as an order, decree, letter to all Parties or        any other document which the Forum makes available to all        Parties on paper. User will complete such fax or upload within        three business days of receiving such document. (Faxes will be        assessed a service fee based on ezD's time and labor needed to        convert the fax into digital format for upload to the User        Group's Database.)    -   Dispute Resolution. In the event that a dispute arises between        User and any other Party concerning compliance with their ezD        Agreement and/or User Group terms, and such dispute is not        subject to adjudication in the Forum where the User Group's        underlying Dispute is or was adjudicated, then User agrees to        have such dispute resolved by and in accordance with the rules        of the American Arbitration Association.

Months 4 and After: Terms Allowing Less Paper and More Online Reliance

-   -   Discontinuation of Paper Service. User consents to discontinue        paper service of document filings to User Group Parties and rely        exclusively on ezDocket uploads to complete and accept such        service.    -   Upon any Party's request, uploads by or to such Party will be        accompanied by paper service referencing such uploads but        excluding the fall text of the uploaded documents filings unless        also requested. Non-digitally-transferable items such as        physical objects or extremely large amounts of data which        Parties may prefer to serve via disks, CD or otherwise will        continue to be served by physical delivery and are not included        in this provision.    -   In no event will recipients sacrifice the time allowed for        responsive filings, which will include the full regular paper        mail service time per relevant Forum rules. For example, where        Forum rules provide that a respondent's 10 day response time        should not begin to accrue until three days after service by        mail, a respondent to petitioner's ezD upload and e-mail notice        would still have 13 days to respond after the upload.    -   Filings to the Forum itself will continue on paper and not be        affected by this provision.    -   Forum participation. User consents to allow ezD to advise the        User Group's Forum (e.g. Judge, Court Clerk, Arbitrator, etc.)        that the Dispute Parties have retained ezD to provide online        docketing services and to offer and provide access to the User        Group's Database at no charge to the Forum.    -   ezD will promptly copy to all User Group Parties by e-mail (a)        ezD's text contact with the Forum and (b) any text response by        the Forum.    -   If the Forum agrees to retain ezD on terms other than those        adopted by the User Group at the time, ezD will not provide        access to the Forum unless the User Group unanimously uploads        consent to the Forum's proposed terms. If, however, the Forum        agrees to retain ezD on the same terms adopted by the User Group        at the time, then ezD will provide service to the Forum. In        either event, ezD will notify all User Group Parties by e-mail.

F. Account Termination, Breach of Mandatory and/or Additional User GroupTerms

User may terminate its duties under this Agreement at any time byuploading notice to the User Group Database, as provided in the SiteMap. This will immediately notify all Parties in the User Group (and anyauthorized non-Parties) of User's termination and result in ezD'simmediate termination of all User access and security codes.

ezD may terminate its duties to User without cause with thirty (30) dayse-mail notice. In addition, ezD may in its sole discretion terminate itsduties to User upon User's breach of this Agreement or breach of a UserGroup Additional Term (to which all Parties have uploaded their consent)so long as ezD provides User fifteen (15) days e-mail notice of suchbreach and ezD's intent to terminate, during which time ezD will allowUser to attempt to cure such breach.

ezD may terminate any Party including User immediately if such Party, inezD's sole discretion, engages in conduct which exposes ezD toliability, harm or damage of any kind.

Upon actual termination of a User, ezD will immediately notify User andall Parties in the User Group of User's termination.

User agrees to notify ezD immediately by e-mail upon learning that anyParty in User's User Group has failed to comply with such Party's UserAgreement, including the mandatory upload obligation or any User GroupAdditional Term(s) to which such Party is bound.

G. ezd Disclosures to Outsiders

Uploaded User Documents and Other Information

Like a court or other Forum, ezD does not seek nor will ezD knowinglyaccept information that is attorney-client privileged, work-productprivileged or subject to protective orders. User should understand thatall information that User uploads or otherwise sends to ezD may becomeknown to any Parties in the User Group and their authorized disclosees,and that ezD cannot and shall not be responsible for User's uploading ofconfidential or proprietary information to ezD.

While ezD will protect User uploads from non-authorized access and willnot knowingly disclose Data obtained from Parties to anyone outsidetheir User Groups unless authorized by such groups, ezD may neverthelessbe subject to court orders, computer security breaches, unauthorizedrelease of login names and passwords by User Group Parties, or otherevents which result in disclosure to non-authorized disclosees ofinformation uploaded or sent by User to ezD. In this event, User agreesthat ezD's liability will be limited to the actual fees, if any, paid byUser to ezD.

General User and Online Information

ezD will never knowingly disclose a User's name, address, phone numberor e-mail without that User's consent, unless subject to court order.ezD will, however, disclose general information about User site use,profiles and demographics (not including the User's name, address, phonenumber or e-mail) for market survey and site evaluation or improvementpurposes.

G. Additional Terms

Limited Liability/Disclaimer of Warranties

User acknowledges that due to unforeseen communication, computerviruses, processing breakdowns, or other events, ezD may be unable toprovide service at any given time and/or may cause harm, loss orconsequential damage to User's own computer processing equipment, dataor other property, dealings and/or business relations. ezD will in goodfaith attempt to minimize and eliminate such events. In any and allinstances, however, ezD's liability to any User shall be limited to theactual fees, if any, paid by User to ezD.

User further agrees to hold ezD harmless and to indemnify ezD in theevent of any third-party claims against User and/or ezD.

ezD provides all services “AS IS WITH ALL FAULTS” AND “AS AVAILABLE” andmakes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, as to performance,merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement.

Forum Laws

To the best of ezD's knowledge, no Forums prohibit the rendering oracceptance of the services contemplated in this Agreement. However, ezDcannot and does not warrant the legal status, propriety or exposure todamages, prosecution or other loss associated with User's execution andperformance of this Agreement or acceptance of any services provided byezD. Prospective Users should consult their Forum on these matters ifthey require more information.

H. Entire Agreement, Review by Counsel

This Agreement constitutes the party's entire Agreement, shall not beconstrued against the drafter and may not be modified unless in writing,consistent with their prior conduct. User has been advised to retaincounsel before executing this Agreement and understands that ezD hasbeen advised by counsel.

I. Arbitration

In the event of any dispute arising between User and ezD relating to ezDand/or any terms of this Agreement, the parties agree to have suchdispute resolved by and in accordance with the rules of the AmericanArbitration Association

J. Electronic or Digital Signatures

In recognition of the transitional status of state, local, federal andinternational electronic and digital signature laws, User and ezD eachagree to provide each other with their written signatures to thisAgreement within five (5) business days of receiving from the requestingparty in writing both (a) signed request for such written signature and(b) a copy of this Agreement signed by the requesting party.

SEEN AND AGREED WITH NO CHANGES TO TEXT EZDOCKET.COM

-   -   (AGREED UPON ezD E-MAIL TO USER OF USER NAME, PASSWORD AND        UPLOAD CODE)

USER

-   -   (AGREED UPON CONFIRMATION BY USER'S ENTRY OF SECURITY CODES AT        ezD WEBSITE, AS SET FORTH ABOVE)

1-47. (canceled)
 48. A computerized method for compiling and maintainingdocuments, comprising: receiving documents, filed with adjudicationentities, from corresponding representatives without requiringsubmission of the documents by or to the adjudication entities;receiving information associated with the received documents, whereinthe information includes information identifying the adjudicationentities and cases associated with the documents; maintaining a centralrepository for electronically storing the documents; selectivelyproviding access to the stored documents based on registered userinformation, wherein the selectively providing access include displayingfolders containing the stored documents on user pages; and providinguser access to the stored documents through user-selected options ofpaying fees for access, including: detecting a user's payment option byaccessing the user's on-line account using the central repository; anddetermining whether to display advertisements to the user based on theuser's payment option.
 49. The method of claim 1, wherein the providinguser access step further comprises: permitting the display ofadvertisements on user pages if the user requests a no-fee service asopposed to a flat fee service.
 50. The method of claim 1, wherein theproviding user access step further comprises: permitting the display ofadvertisements on user pages if the user requests a reduced-fee servicecompared to other users.
 51. The method of claim 1, wherein feesgenerated from the advertisements displayed to the user approximate feeswould have charged to the user for accessing the documents.
 52. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the maintaining step comprises: creatingdocument indexes based on the received information; organizing thedocuments in a data structure based on the document indexes; associatingeach of the documents with the corresponding adjudication entity inwhich the document was filed based on the document indexes; andproviding one or more uniform templates for presentation of thedocuments.
 53. The method of claim 1, wherein the documents arelitigation-related documents.
 54. The method of claim 6, furthercomprising selectively permitting downloading of the litigation-relateddocuments in a plurality of formats.
 55. The method of claim 6, furthercomprising: receiving a request to download one of thelitigation-related documents; receiving an indication of a requestedformat for the one litigation-related document; and providing the onelitigation-related document in the requested format.
 56. The method ofclaim 6, wherein the selectively providing step comprises: receiving asearch query for the litigation-related documents; searching thelitigation-related documents based upon the search query; and providingresults of the searching.
 57. The method of claim 6, wherein thereceiving the documents step comprises receiving the litigation-relateddocuments via e-mail.
 58. The method of claim 6, further comprisingreceiving an electronic version of documents referenced by thelitigation-related documents.
 59. The method of claim 11, wherein thereceiving the electronic version step comprises receiving exhibitsassociated with the litigation-related documents.
 60. The method ofclaim 11, wherein the maintaining step comprises: organizing theelectronic version of the referenced documents in the data structure;and associating the referenced documents with the correspondinglitigation-related documents.
 61. The method of claim 6, wherein themaintaining step comprises maintaining the litigation-related documentsas a neutral third party with respect to the representatives.
 62. Themethod of claim 6, further comprising maintaining a separate repositorycontaining hard copies of the litigation-related documents.
 63. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising charging users a fee for on-lineaccess to the documents in the central repository.
 64. The method ofclaim 16, wherein the step of charging a fee comprises charging one ormore of the following: a flat fee based upon a time period; a fee basedupon time of use; a fee based upon downloading of the documents; a feebased upon uploading of the documents to the central repository; ordiscounted fees based upon particular criteria related to the users. 65.The method of claim 1, wherein the documents are arbitration-relateddocuments.
 66. The method of claim 1, wherein the documents aremediation-related documents.
 67. The method of claim 1, wherein thedocuments are administrative hearing-related documents.